56 10 1079 https://revolution.chnm.org/files/original/b831daf02e4b0edd6b0de94836b4f3c1.jpg c79dccf9a1b636c497652c5d17377622 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Engraving Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 23.5 x 16 cm Title (French) The image's title, in French. Louis Seize, roi des Franceais Caption The image's caption. Né à Versailles le 23 aout 1754, marié le 16 may 1770 et sacré a Reims le 11 juin 1775. Bonnet de la liberté, présenté au Roi par le peuple français le 20 juin 1792 Sortable Date 1792-00-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Bibliothèque Nationale de France Description An account of the resource This fascinating print, likely produced before the King’s flight from Paris, takes the Louis XVI of the old regime and makes him a revolutionary with the addition of the Phrygian cap. While the engraver’s intention remains absolutely unknown, contemporaries might have seen this as mocking Louis’s new position in the Revolution. Others, less cynical, might have seen an attempt to create a monarchy living with the constitution. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource French Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource None Identified Title A name given to the resource Louis XVI, King of the French Relation A related resource http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/70/|Michel Hennin. Estampes relatives à l'Histoire de France. Tome 127, Pièces 11149-11230, période : 1792|de Vinck. Un siècle d'histoire de France par l'estampe, 1770-1870. Vol. 29 (pièces 4856-5017), Ancien Régime et Révolution Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1792 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 70 Image Monarchy https://revolution.chnm.org/files/original/ea1a9ffe1036e18783ea0c37132603d9.jpg 347551a62b2754de85ab9c982fbb3df0 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Cornell 4611.1.103 Description An account of the resource Early in the Revolution, LaFayette was among the most visible and popular leaders, in part because of his participation in the American revolution and his relationship to George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and others. Further, though noble, he had been sympathetic to the Third Estate. By entwining Louis and LaFayette, this image seeks to legitimize the commander’s authority, but also to give the King more solid revolutionary credentials. It is interesting here that the King appears without the liberty cap and in his old regime finery, with only LaFayette to prove Louis was committed to things revolutionary. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 207 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVI, King of the French, born 23 August 1754. Relation A related resource http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/207/ Image Monarchy Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document I read your remonstrances and wanted to reply to them with such sincerity that you could not doubt my intentions nor permit yourselves to deviate from them. It was useless for you to tell me about the rules concerning registration and voting privileges. When I come to personally hold my Parlement it is because I wish to hear a discussion of the law that I have brought with me and to learn more about it before I decide on its registration. This is what I did on 19 November last.I heard everyone's opinion.You only need summarize these opinions when I am not present at your deliberations, in which case I am aware of the result of your debates by knowing how the majority voted. When I am present, I will decide this for myself.If, in my courts, my will was subject to the majority vote, the monarchy would be nothing more than an aristocracy of magistrates, as adverse to the rights and interests of the nation as to those of the sovereign.Indeed, it would be a strange constitution that diminishes the will of the King to the point that it is worth no more than the opinion of one of his officers, and requires that legislators have as many opinions as there are different decisions arising from the various courts of law in the kingdom. Sortable Date 1788-00-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived M. J. Mavidal and M. E. Laurent, eds., Archives parlementaires de 1787 à 1860, première série (1787 à 1799), 2d ed., 82 vols. (Paris: Dupont, 1879–1913), 1:284. Description An account of the resource The fiscal and administrative reforms issued as royal decrees in the autumn of 1787 were opposed vociferously by the Parlements. To force their registration, the King held a "royal session" on 19 November 1787. Ordinarily at such a session, the magistrates of the Parlement of Paris would be allowed to vote on a royal decree. In this case, however, Louis broke with protocol by ordering the registration of his decrees without allowing the magistrates to vote. In this short speech given at Versailles the following spring, Louis XVI justified his move by restating the basic principle of absolutism—that royal decrees must be accepted as law when the King makes it clear that they are his will. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 301 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVI’s Reply to the Parlement of Paris (1788) Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/301/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1788 Monarchy Text Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1795-06-08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 835 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVII, son of Louis XVI and heir to the throne, dies in the Temple. The declaration of Verona put punishment of the regicides and reestablishment of the orders of society on the agenda for the Bourbon’s return. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/835/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 8, 1795 Timeline Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1814-05-03 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 739 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVIII enters Paris. Bourbon dynasty restored. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/739/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 3, 1814 Timeline Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1814-05-02 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 738 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVIII offers reassurances to keep the revolutionary status quo in his Declaration of Saint–Ouen. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/738/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 2, 1814 Timeline Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1815-07-08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1020 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVIII returns to Paris. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/1020/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 8, 1815 Timeline Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Verona, 8 July 1795 Sir, it was with pleasure that I received the demonstration of your affection for me, but I did not need a demonstration of your faithfulness, for I would not deserve to be served by you and your brave companions-in-arms if I had had the least doubt on this question. Providence has placed me on the throne. The first and most important use that I can make of my authority is to confer a legal title to the command that until now has been yours due to your courage, to your exploits, and to the confidence of my brave and faithful subjects. I therefore name you general in my Catholic and Royal army. In obeying you, it is me that they shall be obeying. I have not as yet had the opportunity to tell you that I had named you Lieutenant-General in July 1794. But it is not only with weapons that you can serve me. One of my first duties is to speak to my subjects, to encourage the good and reassure the timid. Such is the purpose of the Declaration that I am sending you and that I am asking you to publish. I could not confide it to anyone who could give it more weight than you. It is possible, though, that your truce with the rebels will still be in effect when this Declaration will reach you, so it would probably be imprudent for you to publish it yourself. But even in this case, I think that you are still more able than any other to have it circulated throughout my kingdom. If, on the contrary, you have again taken up arms, nothing should delay a work as essential as this. I work with all my strength to speed the moment when, reunited with you, I will be able to show you how a sovereign can gloriously demonstrate his appreciation for you, and to my subjects, for whom I am less a king than a father. I flattered myself that England was finally to bring my brother to you, but at this moment, it seems to me more unsure than ever. It does not matter, . . . the greater the obstacles, the more energy I expend in overcoming them. And I shall overcome them. Sir, continue to serve me as you served my predecessor, and have faith that if something can alleviate this burden that Providence has ordered me to carry, it shall be by that same Providence that I shall be able to reward the most important service a king has ever received. Signed, Louis. Sortable Date 1795-07-08 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Anonymous, Correspondance secrète de Charette, vol. 1 (Paris, 1798–99), 19–20. Translated by Exploring the French Revolution project staff from original documents in French found in John Hardman, French Revolution Documents 1792–95, vol. 2 (New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1973), 423–24. Description An account of the resource The "Central Committee" organizing royalist efforts in 1795 was led by François–Athanése de Charette de la Contrie, a former nobleman. He had participated in the Vendéan uprising in 1793, with the goal of restoring to the throne the nearest living relative to the executed Louis XVI—his brother the Count of Provence who had already taken the name Louis XVIII. (For royalists, the son of Louis XVI, who had died in 1795, had been Louis XVII.) In the letter below, Louis XVIII writes to Charette, expressing the need not only for military action, but also to win over public opinion through a declaration of principles to the people. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 455 Title A name given to the resource Louis XVIII to Charette Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/455/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 8, 1795 Counterrevolution Monarchy Nobility Provinces Text Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1830-08-09 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1029 Title A name given to the resource Louis–Philippe, king of the French, swears loyalty to the revised Charter. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/1029/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 9, 1830 Timeline https://revolution.chnm.org/files/original/965ec4133cf8fffee43ee8bd60d30a1f.jpg ce79eb0c6c046b40a76c0c71c8c74508 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Engraving Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 49 x 57.5 cm Title (French) The image's title, in French. La Séparation de Louis seize, d'avec sa famille Caption The image's caption. dans la tour du Temple Sortable Date 1794-00-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Bibliothèque Nationale de France Description An account of the resource After hearing the verdict, the King was allowed a final evening with his family, whom he had not seen for almost a month during the trial. Twice on the evening of 20 January the King met with his wife, his son, and a daughter. For about an hour and three–quarters all told, they visited. Only at this time, three days after the verdict, was the family told of the King’s sentence. This led to a miserable scene with much weeping and kissing. The children were totally distraught when finally the father departed. Although they hoped for a final farewell in the morning, this was not to be. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jean-Baptiste Vérité (engraver) Pierre Bouillon (designer) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource French Title A name given to the resource Louis’s Separation from His Family Relation A related resource http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/103/|de Vinck. Un siècle d'histoire de France par l'estampe, 1770-1870. Vol. 30 (pièces 5018-5141), Ancien Régime et Révolution Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1794 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 103 Counterrevolution Image Monarchy