9 10 1079 https://revolution.chnm.org/files/original/fc4644cca009221473dee667f03173f0.jpg b4fc285bd44d16dd63197b819a15ef74 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Engraving Title (French) The image's title, in French. La France reconnaissante proclame Napoléon 1.er empereur des Français Sortable Date 1804-00-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Bibliothèque Nationale de France Description An account of the resource In this engraving, Roman and contemporary themes are combined to glorify the new emperor. The absence of any clear representation of revolutionary liberty shows Napoleon moving away from the events of the preceding decade. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Roger (engraver) Horace Vermet (designer) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource French Title A name given to the resource A Grateful France Proclaims Napoleon the First Emperor of the French Relation A related resource http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/197/|Collection Michel Hennin. Estampes relatives à l'Histoire de France. Tome 147, Pièces 12867-12973, période : 1804 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1804-00-00 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 197 Image Monarchy Napoleon Bonaparte Public Opinion Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1797-09-02 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 893 Title A name given to the resource A group of moderate and rightist delegates to the legislative Councils of the Five Hundred and of the Elders, members of the political club of Clichy, plan a coup d’état against the Directory. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/893/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2, 1797 Timeline Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document But it is said that Negroes are a type of men born to slavery . . . they are narrow-minded, deceitful, and wicked. Even they admit to the superiority of Whites, and almost to the legality of their state. It is not true that Negroes are narrow-minded. Experience has proven that they have succeeded in the sciences, and if the mindlessness in which they are plunged makes them believe that Whites are a superior race, liberty will soon bring them up to the same level. As for what people say of their wickedness, it will never equal the cruelty of their masters. Sortable Date 1790-10-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Revolutions of Paris, no. 66 (9Ð16 October 1790), 13Ð17. Description An account of the resource In this article, the influential newspaper The Revolutions of Paris asks if Africans and their descendants are "Born to Slavery?" as part of a general consideration of the situation in the French colonies. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 343 Title A name given to the resource A Left–Wing Newspaper Continues the Attack on Slavery (October 1790) Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/343/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 1790 Public Opinion Text Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document However, it is not that we thought that the patriots of the colonies are yet up to the level of the principles of the French Revolution. Everybody wants them to have liberty, but they refuse the right of citizenship to colored people, and they want to perpetuate slavery and the slave trade. It is true that the aristocrats have included colored people in their party; but they do so only in order to oppress the friends of the constitution, firmly resolved to leave them in contempt, and to add to their chains when they think they can do without them. As for the slave trade and the slavery of Negroes, the European governments will find it useless to oppose the cries of philosophy and the principles of universal liberty that germinate and spread throughout the nations. Let them learn that it is never in vain for people to be shown the truth, and that once the impetus is given, they must totally give way to the flood that will wash away the old abuses. The new order of things will rise up despite all the precautions that have been taken to prevent it. Yes! We dare to predict with confidence that the time will come, and that day is not far off, when you will see a frizzy-haired African, with no other recommendation than his good sense and his virtues, come and participate in the legislative process at the heart of our national assemblies. Sortable Date 1790-09-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Les Révolutions de Paris, no. 63 (5 September 1790), 523Ð24. Description An account of the resource During the explosion of newspaper publishing after 1789, the Revolutions of Paris consistently supported radical positions, including the abolition of slavery in articles like this one entitled "No Color Bar." Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 342 Title A name given to the resource A Left–Wing Newspaper Links the Revolution to the Abolition of Slavery (September 1790) Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/342/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 1790 Public Opinion Text https://revolution.chnm.org/files/original/f5f09f345100a42f7225a20e7796755f.jpg f271033c66cd732e72801065ff521e94 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Title (French) The image's title, in French. La Journée mémorable de Versailles, le lundi 5 Octobre 1789 Title (English) The image's title, in English. A Memorable Day at Versailles Caption The image's caption. Dans cette émeute générale plusieurs Gardes du Corps ont été Massacrés, deux d’entre eux furent Décollés et leurs têtes portées en Triomphe par ce même peuple ami de la liberté Nationale. Caption (English) The image's caption, in English. In this general riot, several bodyguards have been massacred; two among them were decapitated and their heads carried in triumph by this same people, friend of national liberty. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Etching and colored wash Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 16.0 x 14.7 cm Sortable Date 1789-10-05 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Bibliothèque Nationale de France Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource None Identified Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Public Domain Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPEG Language A language of the resource French Title A name given to the resource A Memorable Day at Versailles Relation A related resource http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/1133/|de Vinck. Un siècle d'histoire de France par l'estampe, 1770-1870. Vol. 18 (pièces 2908-3106), Ancien Régime et Révolution Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1789 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1133 Image Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1795-06-23 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 887 Title A name given to the resource A new Constitution is reported on by Boissy d’Anglas. It is accompanied by the assertion that those most worthy of governing are those who own property. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/887/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 23, 1795 Timeline Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Sortable Date 1793-10-31 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 819 Title A name given to the resource A number of Girondins are executed. Others had fled to the provinces. Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/819/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 31, 1793 Timeline Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document TO THE COLUMN. Two stanzas. Alas! alas! keep thy lone tomb, And keep thy barren sea-splashed rock, Where thou didst dash three like a bomb, To fall with fiery smoking shock! Thy rugged St. Helena keep, Where, of thy fortune's proudest steep, The dazed eye sees the sad reverse; Keep the still shade thy grave receives, Beneath thy willow tree, whose leaves, Are scattered through the universe. There, free from outrage, dost thou sleep, And, oft aroused, thou near dost feel Those who from rage and sorrow weep— The red-clad soldiers o'er thee kneel. There thou, if e'er thou earth reseek, Shalt see from some commanding peak, Upon the world of waters pale, Bound for the rocky sea-girt hearth, As the true center of the earth, Ships of each clime, and realm, and sail. 9 October 1830. Sortable Date 1830-00-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Henry Carrington, Translations from the Poems of Victor Hugo (London: Walter Scott, 1885), pp. 85-86. Description An account of the resource In his poem “To the Column,” the great French poet Victor Hugo celebrates the memory of Napoleon. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 534 Title A name given to the resource A Poem by Victor Hugo (1830) Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/534/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1830 Napoleon Bonaparte Public Opinion Text Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document BORN 15 AUG. 1769 DIED 5 MAY 1821. He put his foot on the neck of Kings, who would have put their yokes upon the necks of the People: he scattered before him with fiery execution, millions of hired slaves, who came at the bidding of their Masters to deny the right of others to be free. The monument of greatness and of Glory he erected, was raised on ground forfeited again and again to humanity—it reared its majestic front on the ruins of the shattered hopes and broken faith of the common enemies of mankind. . . . Sortable Date 1821-00-00 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived J. Ashton, English Caricature and Satire on napoleon the First, 2 vols. (London, 1884): II: 265. Description An account of the resource Some in the popular classes saw in Napoleon an opponent of monarchs. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 532 Title A name given to the resource A Popular English Broadside (1821) Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/532/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1821 Napoleon Bonaparte Public Opinion Text The US and Great Britain in Revolution Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document 12 December 1792 SITUATION OF FRANCE In adverting to the present disastrous situation of France, many, perhaps may be inclined to reprobate that revolution which has produced effects so horrible. But if we survey the effects with the eye of cool deliberation, we shall find that though they certainly emanated from the revolution, yet that our reprobation ought to be turned into another channel. The change which took place in the system of government, emancipated twenty-four millions of the human species.—Prima facie, therefore, the most cautious reasoning must allow it to be an event of infinite advantage to the world. But though it was effected with the consent and support of nine parts out of ten, yet the tenth part viewed it in a different light. A long series of years had transmitted to them hereditary rights & privileges which placed them above the great body of the nation. The King exercised a despotic power without restraint. The nobles described around them a circle equally tyrannical, though of extent less ample. To those who know how dear the possession of power to the human mind, it will not appear strange that such persons should view the revolution with the eye of anger, in as much as it wrested from them those exclusive rights which had descended to them covered with the reverend rust of antiquity neither will it be a matter of wonder that they should attempt to impede the progress of a system to them so distasteful. The argument will apply in the present instance. The Emigrant Princess, and the other malcontents have sedulously and uniformly endeavored to bring the revolution in disrepose. We have seen them, secretly assisted by the King and Queen disperse calamities all over Europe. We have seen them dispatch emissaries into France to attack every measure that tended to facilitate the progress of Liberty. We have heard them broach the most abominable falsehoods and the most monstrous doctrines.—We have beheld them at length engage several nations to assist in murdering their countrymen, and in deluging their native soil with blood. To such men what crimes are too horrible to be committed, or what system too infamous to be adopted?—none—Leagued with Calonne, a man indeed tauto dignus honore, we have no doubt that the recent massacres are attributable to them. We can easily believe that they have bribed persons to feign an affection for the revolution, and under that mask to take the lead in the most ferocious murders. Nor let this appear strange—the world knows how easily a few designing men can inflame the passions of the mob to a degree of madness that breaks down every barrier opposed to it. In fine, whether our conjectures be well founded or not, let us recollect, that though much blood may be shed ere Liberty be firmly established; yet that when it shall be established the effusion will cease. A system of Despotism, however, cannot be supported without blood, and we have no reason to believe that as long as it continues, the sanguinary torrent will ever cease. Until we know the real cause of those ferocious acts, which no honest man can approve nor no honest man contemplate without horror, it is treason against a good cause to attribute them to the friends of the Revolution. 25 January 1793 Answer to a paragraph exhibiting the difference between the French and American Revolution, lately published in some of the newspapers of the United States. There is that difference between the French and American Revolutions, that the latter was not opposed by cunning priests, nor cruel aristocrats determined to overthrow every principle of honesty and humanity, for a chimera misled by common sense—A royal puppet on this spot, did not dance on the wire of a band of courtiers; the most despicable and abandoned wretches that ever disgraced mankind. The focus of both despotism and nobility was far from this land of liberty, and its glorious adherents could not be infected with the pernicious breath of mad royalty and impudent aristocracy. The popular cause was opposed openly, sword in hand, and victoriously fought by the friends to the rights of men; had the French republicans met with such opponents, they had not done those excesses, the king, the nobles and clergy have roused them to by the most perfidious contrivances. A king did not forswear himself in America, nor had the American people more than one Arnold; their tempers were soured neither by misery nor by a complicated system of treachery, framed coolly and pursued with the greatest obstinacy. The American people were not loaded with enormous taxes that had reduced millions of their fellow citizens to the utmost misery to maintain haughty plunderers in sloth and profligacy. All this odds must be reckoned by impartial men; to explain the difference insidiously delineated between the two revolutions, by some desperate royalty, or a narrow minded plan. Sortable Date 1792-12-12 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Benjamin Franklin Bache, The General Advertiser, no. 690 (Philadelphia, 12 December 1792), 2; and The General Advertiser, no. 727 (Philadelphia, 25 January 1793), 2. Description An account of the resource Benjamin Franklin Bache, grandson on Benjamin Franklin, was a supporter of Jefferson’s Republican Party. His sympathetically summarized the situation in France during the period when Louis XVI was put on trial and executed. He defended the actions of the revolutionaries on the grounds that they were merely responding to the provocations of nobles and other "traitors." Even through the Terror Bache continued his strong support. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 591 Title A name given to the resource A Positive American View Relation A related resource https://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/591/ Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource December 12, 1792 Public Opinion Text The Terror The US and Great Britain in Revolution