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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;From the &lt;/i&gt;Courier Française.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;i&gt;CAPE, 23 August 1796.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Since my first letter, which accompanies this, there has occurred, and there is still occurring, what follows:&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;At Port-au-Prince, and in the environs, the Negroes are in a state of insurrection; they have burnt many habitations, which had remained untouched till this day. The Negroes will not work.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On this side of Grand Rivière, there is a great rising; the Brigand Negroes have killed a Negro chief named Gagnet, who commanded for the Republic, his family, and the &lt;i&gt;état-major&lt;/i&gt;. Fifteen thousand men taken from the principal posts, are to go against the revolters; they doubt much the success of these new Republicans. I deplore the unhappy fate of the inhabitants of St. Domingo. It is impossible for them to come with security to their habitations. The Negroes who have returned to their habitations will not absolutely attend to speak to their masters; they are willing enough to be Republicans, but &lt;i&gt;point de travail&lt;/i&gt; [no work]; they think it is contrary to Republican rights; by this title they are to be supplied with all that is necessary.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The mask is thrown off—the Negroes say, haughtily, that St. Domingo belongs to them; on this condition they will work, otherwise not. &amp;amp;c. &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Here follows a letter of the Directory, and a proclamation of L. F. Sonthonas, dated August 18th, relative to this insurrection.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;This proclamation declares, that the northern part of St. Domingo, is in danger. It orders, that all unmarried citizens from 16 to 25, who are not employed in agriculture or in the offices of Commissioners, be considered in a state of requisition. Those who shall not obey these orders, without assigning a legitimate reason, are to be declared and treated as traitors, and tried by martial law. Emigrants are forbidden, &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;A letter appears in the &lt;i&gt;Courier Française&lt;/i&gt; of this morning, from Henry Perroud, former Ordonnateur of St. Domingo, &amp;amp;c. &amp;amp;c. in which, after saying that the accounts of the distressed situation of that island are fabricated by interested, evil-minded person, enemies of republicanism, &amp;amp;c. goes on to state, that Gonaives, l'Arthonite, la petite Rivière, and their dependencies, enjoy, under the orders of General Toussaint, Louverture, the greatest tranquility; the plantations near the enemy's camps promise a fine harvest. The cultivators rejoice in the sweets of liberty, and work constantly for the houses to which they are attached, &amp;amp;c. &amp;amp;c.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On this the Editor of the French paper observes; We shall not permit ourselves to judge on circumstances so important. We leave our readers to decide between the accounts given yesterday, and the letter we have published to-day.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>1796-09-28</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;The Pennsylvania Gazette&lt;/i&gt; (Philadelphia), 28 September 1796; available on cd-rom (Accessible Archives: Wilmington, Del., distributed by Scholarly Resources, 1998).</text>
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                <text>Despite the abolition of slavery by the French, turbulence continued in many parts of the colony. The French relied on local generals, such as Toussaint L’Ouverture, to restore order.</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;The Pennsylvania Gazette&lt;/i&gt;: Unrest Continues (28 September 1796)</text>
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                <text>September 28, 1796</text>
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              <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Extract of a letter from Charleston, dated November 21th:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;"On Saturday last a plot was discovered, which may have saved some lives and some property. Seventeen French negroes intended to set fire to the town in different places, kill the whites, and probably take possession of the power magazine and the arms; but luckily one of them turned states evidence. Five have been apprehended, two hung, and the others have escaped into the country."&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;From the &lt;/i&gt;Charleston State Gazette&lt;i&gt; of the 22d ultimo.&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On Tuesday, the 14th inst. the Intendant received certain information of a &lt;i&gt;Conspiracy of several French negroes to fire the city&lt;/i&gt;, and to act here as they had formerly done at S. Domingo—as the discovery did not implicate more than ten or fifteen persons, and as the information first given was not so complete as to charge all the ringleaders, the Intendant delayed taking any measures for their apprehension until the plan should be more matured, and their guilt more closely ascertained; but the plot having been communicated to persons, on whose secrecy the city magistrates could not depend, they found themselves obliged on Saturday last to apprehend a number of negroes, and among others the following, charged (together with another not yet taken) as the ring-leaders, viz.—Figaro, the property of Mr. Robinett; Jean Louis, the property of Mr. Langstaff; Figaro the younger, the property of Mr. Delaire; and Capelle. . . .&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;On examination they all at first positively denied their knowledge or concern in the plot; but the younger Figaro, after some time, made a partial confession, and was admitted an evidence on the part of the state. The others were on Monday brought to trial, in the City Hall, before as respectable a court and jury as we ever remember to have been convened. A number of witnesses were examined, and fully proved the guilt of the prisoners; and the court, on mature consideration, unanimously condemned Figaro, Sen. and Jean Louis, to be hung, and Capelle and Figaro the younger to be transported. The rest who were apprehended are under confinement, for further examination.&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;After the condemnation of Jean Louis, he turned to the two Figaros and said, "I do not blame the whites, though I suffer, they have done right, but it is you who have brought me to this trouble."&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p&gt;Figaro and Jean Louis were yesterday executed in pursuance of their sentence.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;The Pennsylvania Gazette&lt;/i&gt; (Philadelphia), 13 December 1797; available on cd-rom (Accessible Archives: Wilmington, Del., distributed by Scholarly Resources, 1998), 13 December 1797.</text>
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                <text>In the United States, vigilance remained at a high pitch as slaveowners dreaded the possible importation of rebellion from Saint Domingue.</text>
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                <text>&lt;i&gt;The Pennsylvania Gazette&lt;/i&gt;: U.S. Vigilance (13 December 1797)</text>
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                <text>December 13, 1797</text>
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              <text>&lt;span&gt;Bonaparte visitant l'hôpital de Jaffa&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Bibliothèque Nationale de France&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>This undated print shows Bonaparte visiting a hospital in Jaffa. Of classical proportions, this image is centered on Bonaparte, who appears to be bringing order to an otherwise disorderly and chaotic scene. However, Napoleon’s actual interest was limited, far less than this print would suggest. &lt;span&gt;In fact, he ordered that poison be given to men too ill with plague to be transported.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/191/|&lt;span&gt;Collection Michel Hennin. &lt;em&gt;Estampes relatives à l'Histoire de France. Tome 142&lt;/em&gt;, Pièces 12454-12529, période : 1798-1799&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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              <text>L'Ordre et la marche des puissances coalisées contre la France</text>
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                <text>This engraving uses classical figures to depict allegorically an alliance of Prussia, Britain, and Austria, represented as "Tyranny, Hypocrisy, and Pride," who seek to divide the map of France among themselves, while the French Nation prepares to resist so as to bring peace and tranquility to all of Europe.</text>
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                <text>March of the Powers Allied against France</text>
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                <text>http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/216/|Collection de Vinck. &lt;em&gt;Un siècle d'histoire de France par l'estampe, 1770-1870&lt;/em&gt;. Vol. 26 (pièces 4348-4477), Ancien Régime et Révolution</text>
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                <text>&lt;p class="p1"&gt;&lt;span class="s1"&gt;Museé de la Révolution Française, Vizille&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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              <text>Bonaparte Premier Consul Remettant l'Epée dans le Fourreau après la Paix Générale</text>
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                <text>The engraving celebrates the peace treaties of 1801 and 1802. The lack of perspective in this image reflects the vision that Napoleon wanted the French to have when they thought about his actions. Making peace proved to be one of Napoleon’s more popular decisions.</text>
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          <description>The image's title, in French.</description>
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              <text>Incendie du Cap Français</text>
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              <text>&lt;span&gt;le 20, 21, 22 et 23 juin 1793 ou 2, 3, 4 et 5 Messidor an I.er de la République&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>In June 1793, the French governor of Saint Domingue, Thomas–François Galbaud, tried to raise a revolt of the whites against republican commissioners sent from France. To defeat him, the commissioners promised freedom to the slaves who would fight on their behalf. Thousands of whites fled the northern town, which nearly burned to the ground. This incident marked the end of white domination of the island and the beginning of slave emancipation.</text>
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                <text>The Cap Français Fire</text>
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              <text>Entrée des Français dans la Hollande : le 21 janvier 1795</text>
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                <text>From Berthault’s series of great moments of the Revolution, this engraving depicts the victorious entry of the republican French forces into the southern Netherlands (currently Belgium) on 21 January 1795, where a "sister republic" of Batavia would soon be established.</text>
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                <text>French</text>
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                <text>Entry of the French into Holland</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
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                <text>http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/116/|de Vinck. &lt;em&gt;Un siècle d'histoire de France par l'estampe, 1770-1870&lt;/em&gt;. Vol. 28 (pièces 4623-4855), Ancien Régime et Révolution</text>
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                <text>1802</text>
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        <name>Europe in Revolution</name>
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        <name>War</name>
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        <src>https://revolution.chnm.org/files/original/dd24b69a18731b7600a37905cfb6128b.jpg</src>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials.</description>
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        <element elementId="7">
          <name>Original Format</name>
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              <text>Engraving</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image</description>
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              <text>16 x 49.5 cm</text>
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          <name>Title (English)</name>
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              <text>Battle of Abukir</text>
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              <text>Combat d’Abou-qyr</text>
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          <name>Sortable Date</name>
          <description/>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Bibliothèque Nationale de France&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Napoleon’s eventual acquisition of political power may be attributed partly to his success in publicizing his Egyptian campaign as a great victory for France that spread the values of the Revolution. These engravings by the writer and artist Vivant Denon were published in 1802, four years after the campaign when Napoleon was already in power. This first image depicts The Battle of the Pyramids where, within three weeks of landing, Napoleon encountered the opposition and routed them with only thirty French soldiers killed.</text>
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                <text>Public Domain</text>
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                <text>JPEG</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Battle of Aboukir</text>
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          <element elementId="46">
            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="9993">
                <text>http://chnm.gmu.edu/revolution/d/139/|&lt;span&gt;Collection Michel Hennin. &lt;em&gt;Estampes relatives à l'Histoire de France&lt;/em&gt;. Tome 142, Pièces 12454-12529, période : 1798-1799&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>1802</text>
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                <text>139</text>
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        <name>Image</name>
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        <name>Napoleon Bonaparte</name>
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        <name>War</name>
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