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Uprising of Vendémiaire: Napoleon is instrumental in putting down a royalist revolt in Paris. October 5, 1795

Uprising of Prairial (to May 23): Riots in the sections of Paris. The Convention is also invaded by demonstrators calling for bread and the enforcement of the Constitution of 1793. The army puts down these insurrections. May 20, 1795

Uprising against the Girondins begins when sans–culottes demonstrate against the Girondin faction in the National Convention. May 31, 1793

United States of America––New York––Solemn Inauguration of the Statue of Liberty

Toned down and transformed from her revolutionary past, the Statue stands for liberty, even without a pike and a Phrygian cap. Furthermore, the Statue, a gift from France and a marvel of engineering, still connotes revolution because of the…

Tags Image Public Opinion The US and Great Britain in Revolution

Unigenitus

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U.S. Declaration of Independence. July 4, 1776

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Tyranny Tremble 1793

A very potent image associating the revolutionary war with an attack on tyrants. Contemporaries would have understood the target, "tyrants," to be the monarchs.

Tags Image Sans-culottes

Two Peasants Repairing a Cart

This image of peasants repairing a cart demonstrates both the hard work done by cultivators and their fragile economic situation, which could easily be imperiled by a broken cart. Under such circumstances, poor people constantly repaired durable and…

Tags Economic Conditions Image Peasants Provinces

Turgot’s ministry as Controller–General of France begins. Continues to May 1776. August 25, 1774

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Turgot, "Memorandum on Local Government" (1775) 1775

In 1774, on the accession of Louis XVI, Anne–Robert–Jacques Turgot was named Controller–General of Finances. In this position, he also became responsible for administrative policies relating to taxation, the economy, and local government. With his…

Tags Enlightenment Middle Classes – Bourgeoisie Monarchy Public Opinion Text