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Creole

Creation of the Legion of Honor. May 19, 1802

Creation of estates (majorats) for imperial nobles to provide sufficient income to maintain a noble lifestyle for worthy state servants regardless of birth or background. August 14, 1806

Creation of 31 "senatoriates" (14 Nivôse Year X). January 4, 1802

Coup d’état of Fructidor. Ardent republicans expel moderates and neo–royalists from the Executive Directory and the two legislative councils. September 4, 1797

Coup d’état by Louis–Napoleon Bonaparte, which a later plebiscite overwhelmingly accepts. December 2, 1851

Count of Provence

Count of Artois

Council of Five Hundred

Council of Elders